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	<title>TreeCube &#187; Database</title>
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	<link>http://blog.treecube.com</link>
	<description>On multidimensional database</description>
	<pubDate>Tue, 04 Nov 2008 22:57:46 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>n-ary associations in UML</title>
		<link>http://blog.treecube.com/2008/07/22/n-ary-associations-in-uml/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.treecube.com/2008/07/22/n-ary-associations-in-uml/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 22 Jul 2008 16:19:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Database]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Modeling]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[UML]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[association]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[modelization]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.treecube.com/?p=34</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I just found that it is possible to modelize n-ary association in UML. I use uml all the time and never saw a class diagram with a n-ary association, but a couple of weeks ago, in a meeting, we were discussing a conceptual model representing a database schema and we were wondering if it was [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just found that it is possible to modelize n-ary association in UML. I use uml all the time and never saw a class diagram with a n-ary association, but a couple of weeks ago, in a meeting, we were discussing a conceptual model representing a database schema and we were wondering if it was possible to model that in UML. So, yes, it is possible.</p>
<p>I didn&#8217;t found the reference in the uml specification, but I did found it in the book &#8220;The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual, second edition&#8221; by James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson and Grady Booch.</p>
<div id="attachment_37" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://blog.treecube.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/image11.png"><img class="size-medium wp-image-37 center" title="Ternary association in UML" src="http://blog.treecube.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/image11-300x159.png" alt="" width="300" height="159" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Ternary association in UML</p></div>
<p><strong>Definition</strong>: <em>An association among three or more classes</em>.</p>
<p><strong>Semantics</strong>: <em>Each instance of the association is an n-tuple of values, one from each of the respective classes. A single class may appear in more that one position in the association, but the values in the different positions are independent and need not be the same object.</em></p>
<p>About the <strong>multiplicity</strong>, the authors say the following: &#8220;<em>the multiplicity is defined with respect to the other n-1 ends. For example, given a ternary association among classes (A,B,C), the multiplicity of the C end states how many C objects may appear in association with a particular pair of A and B objects.</em>&#8221;</p>
<p>I guess it would be hard to enforce something like that in java or c++, but in the context of a database, that kind of constraits is easy to enforce with referential integrity, uniqueness and constraint (like oracle constraint). Maybe it is why n-ary associations are not widely used&#8230;</p>
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		<title>Strictness and Completness in the context of conceptual model for multidimensional database</title>
		<link>http://blog.treecube.com/2008/07/02/strictness-and-completness-in-the-context-of-conceptual-model-for-multidimensional-database/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.treecube.com/2008/07/02/strictness-and-completness-in-the-context-of-conceptual-model-for-multidimensional-database/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 03 Jul 2008 03:30:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Multidimensional Database]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[conceptual modeling]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.treecube.com/?p=23</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Here is my first french post. Since I&#8217;m not able to blog in english, I decided to post in french to start the habit, and then I&#8217;ll see if I can continue the habit to blog in english.
Dans le contexte d&#8217;une base de donnÃ©es multidimensionnel, le concept de &#8217;strictness&#8217; appliquÃ© Ã  une hiÃ©rarchie signifie qu&#8217;un [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here is my first french post. Since I&#8217;m not able to blog in english, I decided to post in french to start the habit, and then I&#8217;ll see if I can continue the habit to blog in english.</p>
<p>Dans le contexte d&#8217;une base de donnÃ©es multidimensionnel, le concept de &#8217;strictness&#8217; appliquÃ© Ã  une hiÃ©rarchie signifie qu&#8217;un membre situÃ© Ã  un niveau infÃ©rieur appartient Ã  un seul membre d&#8217;un niveau supÃ©rieur. Par exemple, si nous avions la hiÃ©archie <strong>ville &gt; province &gt; pays</strong>, nous pourrions dire que la relation <strong>ville -&gt; province </strong>est strict puisqu&#8217;une ville ne peut appartenir qu&#8217;Ã  une seule province. Il en va ainsi de la relation <strong>province &gt; pays</strong>.</p>
<p>Par contre, la hiÃ©archie <strong>produits &gt; type &gt; famille</strong> n&#8217;est pas nÃ©cessairement strict puisqu&#8217;un produit (ex: biscuit oreo) peut appartenir Ã  plusieurs types (disons les &#8220;mets prÃ©parÃ©s&#8221; et les &#8220;friandises&#8221;)</p>
<p>Toujours dans le contexte d&#8217;une base de donnÃ©es multidimensionnel, le concept de &#8216;completness&#8217; signifie que tous les objets d&#8217;un niveau sont reliÃ©s Ã  un autre objet du niveau supÃ©rieur, et que cet objet du niveau supÃ©rieur n&#8217;est pas formÃ© d&#8217;aucun autre objet autre que ceux du niveau infÃ©rieur. Par exemple, les Ã‰tats-Unis sont composÃ©s de 50 Ã©tats, pas un seul de plus.</p>
<p>Ces deux concepts sont importants Ã  reprÃ©senter dans un modÃ¨le conceptuel car ils aident Ã  rÃ©flÃ©chir aux donnÃ©es et traitement nÃ©cessaires, en plus d&#8217;apporter des indices de qualitÃ© des donnÃ©es recherchÃ©e.</p>
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